What are the stages of life, known as Ashramas, in Hinduism?

The stages of life known as Ashramas in Hinduism are specifically Brahmacharya, Grihastha, Vanaprastha, and Sannyasa. These four stages represent a structured approach to life that outlines the duties and responsibilities of individuals at different ages and phases of their existence.

Brahmacharya represents the student phase, where individuals focus on education and learning, preparing for their future roles. Grihastha is the householder stage, where one engages in family life, careers, and societal contributions. Vanaprastha signifies the stage of retreat and reflection, as individuals begin to withdraw from worldly pursuits and prepare for the final stage, Sannyasa, which is the renounced life dedicated to spiritual pursuits and seeking liberation (moksha).

This framework is integral to Hindu philosophy, emphasizing that life progresses through these stages with different roles and spiritual aims associated with each. The other choices do not capture the traditional framework of Ashramas, as they present a more generalized or contemporary understanding of life phases, which lacks the specific cultural and religious significance represented in the correct answer.