What is the second sense of conscience according to the text?

The second sense of conscience as a process of moral reasoning emphasizes that conscience is not merely an innate ability or a static set of rules but rather an active, dynamic engagement with moral questions. This perspective highlights how individuals reflect upon their values, beliefs, and the consequences of their actions to arrive at moral judgments. It underscores the role of personal and social experiences in shaping one's ethical framework, allowing for a more nuanced approach to morality that considers context and critical thinking.

In this view, conscience becomes a fluid and evolving guide, rather than a fixed doctrine or societal rule, which allows individuals the freedom to navigate complex moral landscapes and make informed decisions based on reasoning and reflection. This understanding is essential in moral development, as it encourages individuals to engage with their conscience actively rather than simply adhering to prescribed ethical norms.